<p class="ql-block">寒農(nóng)歷十一月廿五<b>1月6日04時(shí)49分，迎來(lái)小寒節(jié)氣Minor Cold</b>, the 23rd solar term小寒是一年的第23個(gè)節(jié)氣一年中最寒冷的日子來(lái)了離過(guò)年還有34天放假的日子越來(lái)越近了</p> <h3>小寒是二十四節(jié)氣中的第二十三個(gè)節(jié)氣，是干支歷子月的結(jié)束以及丑月的起始，時(shí)間是在公歷1月5-7日之間，太陽(yáng)位于黃經(jīng)285°。</h3></br>Xiaohan is the 23rd solar term in the 24 solar terms. It is the end of Zi month in Ganzhi calendar and the beginning of Chou month. The time is between January 5-7 in Gregorian calendar. The sun is at 285 ° of Huangjing.《月令七十二候集解》：“十二月節(jié)，月初寒尚小，故云，月半則大矣。”《 "In December Festival, the cold at the beginning of the month is still small, so the cloud is large at the half of the month."During Minor Cold, most areas in China have entered the?<strong>bitter</strong>?cold stage of winter. The ground and rivers?<strong>are frozen</strong>. The cold air from the north moves?<strong>southward?</strong><strong>continuously</strong>.小寒期間，我國(guó)大部分地區(qū)進(jìn)入了嚴(yán)寒。地面和河流都結(jié)冰了。來(lái)自北方的冷空氣不斷南移。<h3> <h3>此時(shí)，窗外的樹(shù)枝變得光禿禿的，只余冷風(fēng)在訴說(shuō)天地間的蕭瑟。走在路上，手都凍得通紅，空氣中隱約可見(jiàn)呼出的白氣。俗話說(shuō)：小寒大寒，凍成冰團(tuán)。一年中最為寒冷的時(shí)節(jié)已經(jīng)到了。</h3></br><h3>During Minor Cold, most areas in China have entered the bitter cold stage of winter. The ground and rivers are frozen. The cold air from the north moves southward continuously.</h3></br><h3>小寒時(shí)節(jié)，中國(guó)大部分地區(qū)已進(jìn)入寒冬。天寒地凍，河水結(jié)冰，北方的冷空氣持續(xù)向南推進(jìn)。</h3></br>下面一起看看有關(guān)小寒的文化知識(shí)吧。<h3><strong>準(zhǔn)備過(guò)年</strong></h3></br><h3> <h3>進(jìn)入小寒年味漸濃，人們開(kāi)始忙著寫春聯(lián)、剪窗花，趕集買年畫、彩燈、鞭炮、香火等，陸續(xù)為春節(jié)作準(zhǔn)備。</h3></br>During Minor Cold, people start stocking New Year goods, which include Spring Festival couplets, New Year pictures, paper-cuts for window decoration, fire crackers, incense and lanterns.<h3><strong><strong><strong>“</strong><strong>三九</strong><strong>”</strong></strong></strong></h3></br><h3> <h3>盡管“小寒”這個(gè)名稱意味著它沒(méi)有下一個(gè)節(jié)氣“大寒”那樣冷，但據(jù)中國(guó)氣象資料顯示，小寒才是一年中氣溫最低的時(shí)期，古代也有“冷在三九”的說(shuō)法。</h3></br>"Sanjiu period" refers to the third nine-day period (the 19th-27th days) after the day of the Winter Solstice, which is in Minor Cold. Actually Minor Cold is normally the coldest period of winter. It is important to keep warm during this period.<h3>“三九”指冬至過(guò)后的第三個(gè)九天（即冬至后的第十九天至第二十七天），而這段時(shí)間正處于小寒內(nèi)。事實(shí)上，小寒往往是冬季中最冷的時(shí)段，注意保暖是非常重要的。</h3></br><h3><strong></strong><strong><strong><strong>飲食習(xí)慣</strong></strong></strong></h3></br><h3><strong><strong><strong></strong></strong></strong> <h3>從飲食健康角度而言，小寒期間，人們應(yīng)當(dāng)吃一些熱性食物來(lái)滋養(yǎng)身體，抵御嚴(yán)寒的侵襲。但冬季氣溫干燥，也要注意上火等癥狀。</h3></br>To prevent from the coldness, it’s better to eat food that can provide heat and energy to human’s body, for example, food with hot natures including trout, hot pepper, and food with warm nature such as glutinous rice, chives, fennel, caraway, asparagus, lamb and chicken.為了抵御嚴(yán)寒，最好吃些可以為身體提供能量的食物，例如，熱性食物，包括鮭魚(yú)，辣椒，以及溫性食物，諸如糯米飯，韭菜，茴香，香菜，蘆筍，羊肉，雞肉等。<strong>小寒美食</strong>Mutton hot pot, chestnuts and baked sweet potato are three recommended foods for Minor Cold.飲食上，涮羊肉火鍋（mutton hot pot）、吃糖炒栗子（chestnuts）、烤地瓜薯（baked sweet potato）成為小寒“食”尚。<h3> According to traditional Chinese medicine theories, people need to eat food that contains more yang energy to prevent cold from harming their organs. The yang energy in the three types of food is strengthened through their method of cooking: boiling, stir frying and baking.俗語(yǔ)說(shuō)“三九補(bǔ)一冬，來(lái)年無(wú)病痛”。寒冬時(shí)節(jié)，居民日常飲食偏重于暖性食物，其中以羊肉最為常見(jiàn)。<h3> Beef, sesame, walnuts, almonds and raisins are also good choices for Minor Cold.此外，牛肉和各類堅(jiān)果也是備受青睞的小寒吃食。<h3><strong>吃黃芽菜</strong></h3></br><h3> <h3>小寒吃黃芽菜，是天津的一項(xiàng)習(xí)俗?！包S芽菜”是白菜的一個(gè)舊稱，因其菜心淺黃如嫩芽，故名“黃芽菜”。為方便保存，冬季人們還會(huì)將其腌制，做成“冬菜”。</h3></br>There are large amounts of Vitamins A and B in huangyacai. As huangyacai is fresh and tender, it is fit for frying, roasting and braising.黃芽菜富含維生素A和維生素B。鮮嫩的黃芽菜炒、燒和燉均可。<h3><strong>吃糯米飯</strong></h3></br><h3> <h3>根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)，廣東人小寒的早晨要吃糯米飯。糯米含糖量高，有良好的驅(qū)寒效果，一碗下去，全身暖暖的。</h3></br>Cantonese people mix fried preserved pork, sausage and peanuts into the rice. According to the theories of Traditional Chinese Medicine, glutinous rice has the effect of tonifying the spleen and stomach in the cold season.廣東人會(huì)將炸制的豬肉、香腸和花生混入米飯中。根據(jù)中醫(yī)理論，糯米飯?jiān)诤涞募竟?jié)有滋養(yǎng)脾胃的效果。<h3><strong>菜飯</strong></h3></br><h3> The rice is steamed with aijiaohuang (a kind of green vegetable), sausage and salted duck that are all the specialties in Nanjing.到了小寒，老南京一般會(huì)煮菜飯（vegetable rice）吃，用矮腳黃青菜與咸肉片、香腸片或是板鴨丁，再剁上一些生姜粒與糯米一起煮，可謂是真正的“南京菜飯”，甚至可與臘八粥相媲美。<h3>The steamed vegetable rice is incredibly delicious. Some of the ingredients like aijiaohuang (a kind of green vegetable), sausage and salted duck are the specialties in Nanjing.</h3></br>這種蒸制的米飯有種難以形容的美味，其配料矮腳黃、香腸和鹽水鴨均為南京特產(chǎn)。<strong>中藥養(yǎng)生</strong> Lesser Cold is also the busiest time for doctors and pharmacies of traditional Chinese medicine. Many people need them to prepare new medicines, which will be consumed before the Lunar New Year.到了小寒時(shí)節(jié)，也是老中醫(yī)和中藥房最忙的時(shí)候，一般入冬時(shí)熬制的膏方都吃得差不多了。到了此時(shí)，有些人家會(huì)再熬制一點(diǎn)，吃到春節(jié)前后。<h3><strong>冬練</strong></h3></br><h3> <h3>中國(guó)有句老話：“冬練三九?！痹阱憻捛白龊脽嵘砗捅Ｅ胧?，最好選擇日出后的時(shí)段鍛煉身體，可起到強(qiáng)身健體的作用。</h3></br>Generally, Minor Cold is the coldest period in China, which is the best time for exercising and improving one’s physique. To keep warm, Chinese children have special games to play, such as hoop rolling and the cockfighting game.總的來(lái)說(shuō)，小寒是中國(guó)最寒冷的時(shí)節(jié)，也是鍛煉和改善體格的最佳時(shí)期。孩子們會(huì)玩一些特別的游戲來(lái)保暖，如滾鐵環(huán)和“斗雞”（也叫“撞拐子”）。<strong data-brushtype="text">詩(shī)畫節(jié)氣之小寒</strong> <h3><strong>終南望馀雪</strong></h3></br>唐 祖詠<h3>終南陰嶺秀，積雪浮云端。</h3></br><h3>林表明霽色，城中增暮寒。</h3></br><h3>Snow Atop Southern Mountains</h3></br><h3>How fair the gloomy mountainside!</h3></br><h3>Snow-crowned peaks float above the cloud.</h3></br><h3>The forest bright in sunset dyed,</h3></br>With evening cold the town’s overflowed. <p class="ql-block">山嶺之上，積雪浮云，斜陽(yáng)照耀在林梢，暮色里的城市寒氣襲人。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">這是一首應(yīng)試詩(shī)。祖詠到長(zhǎng)安參加科考，題目是以“終南望馀雪”寫一首十二句的五言長(zhǎng)律，但祖詠寫完四句就交卷了，因?yàn)樗X(jué)得意境已全，再寫就是畫蛇添足。主考官提醒他重寫，他仍堅(jiān)持己見(jiàn)，不出所料名落孫山。祖詠雖然落榜，這首詩(shī)卻流芳千古。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">詩(shī)歌采用的是許淵沖的翻譯，節(jié)奏富有韻律，形神兼?zhèn)洹?lt;/p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">古畫采用“三維轉(zhuǎn)二維”技術(shù)，將明代畫家謝時(shí)臣的《峨眉雪圖》成功“復(fù)活”。山林雪景，隱約可見(jiàn)寺廟和民居，危棧上驢隊(duì)踽踽前行，山腳下文士踏雪尋梅。古畫動(dòng)起來(lái)，似乎能聽(tīng)到風(fēng)之呼嘯、雪之飄飄、馬之嘶鳴、人之吟哦。<b>梅花 </b>王安石 </p><p class="ql-block">墻角數(shù)枝梅，</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">凌寒獨(dú)自開(kāi)；</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">遙知不是雪，</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">為有暗香來(lái)。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b>Mume Blossoms</b></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Wang Anshi</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">At the wall corner mume trees grow;</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Against the cold they bloom apart.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">How could we know they are not snow?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">For fragrance unseen they impart.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">——(許淵沖 譯)If Minor Cold comes, </p><p class="ql-block">will spring be far behind?</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">One never feels cold with a hopeful heart.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Let's look forward to the bright sunshine in the near future!</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><b>小寒已至天寒人不寒溫暖的春天不再遙遠(yuǎn)讓我們一起期待不久之后</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b>絢爛明媚的陽(yáng)光</b></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block"><br></p>