<p class="ql-block">聽(tīng)</p> <p class="ql-block">理解性閱讀</p> <p class="ql-block">wonder skills basic2網(wǎng)課15節(jié)，這周為了試合適的老師，下周要減量</p> <p class="ql-block">指讀：海尼曼中</p> <p class="ql-block">復(fù)述及問(wèn)答</p> <p class="ql-block">s2 the dentist</p> <p class="ql-block">s2 school bus trip</p> <p class="ql-block">s2 grandpa’s little train</p> <p class="ql-block">s2 rebecca rabbit</p> <p class="ql-block">s2 baby piggy</p> <p class="ql-block">handcraft：make bird feeder</p> <p class="ql-block">bird feeder相關(guān)分級(jí)讀物</p> <p class="ql-block">冬天主題視頻</p> <p class="ql-block"><b>FT：winter</b></p> Weather in winter <p class="ql-block">froze.</p><p class="ql-block">I’m frozen to die. 我都快被凍死了。</p><p class="ql-block">raw</p><p class="ql-block">Like a raw wind that gets to the bone.就像一陣陰冷的風(fēng)侵襲入骨。</p><p class="ql-block">bleak</p><p class="ql-block">the raw, bitter, bleak Beijing winter北京陰冷凄苦的寒冬。</p><p class="ql-block">clammy</p><p class="ql-block">I sweat a lot because of the bad cold, which makes my head feels clammy to the touch. 我由于重感冒而大量出汗，使得額頭摸上去感覺(jué)濕冷。</p><p class="ql-block">dank</p><p class="ql-block">Life in the cold, dank, dark interiors of a coal mine is a big challenge for the workers. 在陰冷，潮濕，黑暗的地下煤礦里的生活，對(duì)礦工而言是個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。</p><p class="ql-block">Raw, bleak, clammy和dank都有陰冷的意思，但是相對(duì)而言，bleak側(cè)重于“荒涼的”，clammy側(cè)重點(diǎn)在“濕漉漉的”，而dank側(cè)重點(diǎn)是“陰冷潮濕的”，你可以根據(jù)不同語(yǔ)境，選擇最合適的表達(dá)方式。</p><p class="ql-block">Brass monkeys weather</p><p class="ql-block">It's brass monkeys out there tonight! You’d better wrap up warm.今天真是冷的要命，你最好多穿點(diǎn)。</p><p class="ql-block">這個(gè)是種英式口語(yǔ)說(shuō)法，譯為銅猴子天氣，形容冷的銅猴子雕像的尾巴都凍掉了。</p><p class="ql-block">Bitterly/freezing cold</p><p class="ql-block">It’s a bitterly cold and dry morning,but the sky looks beautiful.這是個(gè)寒冷又干燥的早晨，但是天空看起來(lái)很美。</p><p class="ql-block">這個(gè)形容刺骨的寒冷，讓人感覺(jué)倒痛苦，冷到人僵直、東西凝固。</p><p class="ql-block">Frosty</p><p class="ql-block">這個(gè)詞是“寒冷的”，尤其形容冷到結(jié)霜的天氣，霧氣可以在寒冷物體的表面凝結(jié)成薄冰。</p><p class="ql-block">The street was deserted,except for a cat picking its way across the frosty cobblestones.街上空無(wú)一人，只有一只貓?jiān)诮Y(jié)霜的石磚上拾爪而行。</p><p class="ql-block">Icy</p><p class="ql-block">這個(gè)詞是“冰冷的，結(jié)滿冰的”，多指風(fēng)暴、風(fēng)雪和水等冷的使人感倒如刺如割。</p><p class="ql-block">Her words were like a bucket of icy water poured down the back of my neck.她說(shuō)的這些話，就像猛地把一桶冰冷的水順著我的脖子倒。</p><p class="ql-block">Cool</p><p class="ql-block">這個(gè)詞描述天氣時(shí)意思為“涼爽的，涼快的”，形容人不冷也不熱。</p><p class="ql-block">The cool autumn wind helps clear my mind.</p><p class="ql-block">涼爽的秋風(fēng)使我的頭清醒過(guò)來(lái)。</p><p class="ql-block">Nippy</p><p class="ql-block">這個(gè)詞時(shí)種口語(yǔ)說(shuō)法，譯為“（天氣）有點(diǎn)冷的”。而詞根nip則有“夾、捏、剪斷”的意思，這里用來(lái)形容冷風(fēng)有些扎人的感覺(jué)。</p><p class="ql-block">You best wear a scarf.It’s a bit nippy out there!</p><p class="ql-block">你最好把圍巾圍上，外面有點(diǎn)冷颼颼的。</p><p class="ql-block">Chilly</p><p class="ql-block">這個(gè)詞除了口語(yǔ)用來(lái)形容“天氣或房間寒冷”，還口語(yǔ)指人“怕冷的”，且令人非常不快。</p><p class="ql-block">Shall we close the ?The room is getting chilly.</p><p class="ql-block">我們口語(yǔ)關(guān)上窗戶嗎？屋子變得有些冷了。</p><p class="ql-block">這幾個(gè)詞都表示冷，但是表示冷的程度不一樣，cool的意思是”涼爽的“，是指一種不冷也不熱的氣溫，比較適用于形容秋高氣爽的天氣，nippy的意思是”天氣或空氣較冷的“，比喻寒風(fēng)刺骨的感覺(jué)，多用于口語(yǔ)。chilly和frosty的意思分別是”寒冷的，嚴(yán)寒的”，多指天寒地凍，可以用于形容冬季的寒冷，freezing的意思是”冰凍的”，側(cè)重于說(shuō)由于寒冷而結(jié)冰這種狀態(tài)。</p> People in winter <p class="ql-block">抗寒的服飾▂</p><p class="ql-block">冬天這么冷，面對(duì)這樣的天氣，我們可以做些什么呢？</p><p class="ql-block">How do we deal with the cold? 我們?cè)撊绾螒?zhàn)勝寒冷呢？</p><p class="ql-block">不管是一條褲子過(guò)冬，還是秋風(fēng)剛起，秋褲就已上身</p><p class="ql-block">戰(zhàn)勝寒冷的第一步，還是多穿一點(diǎn)。</p><p class="ql-block">1. Long underwear 襯褲，秋褲</p><p class="ql-block">最常見(jiàn)的秋褲表達(dá)就是long underwear</p><p class="ql-block">英文解釋：underwear with long legs, worn under your outer clothes to keep you warm.</p><p class="ql-block">under wear的同義詞還有，Underclothes, underclothing</p><p class="ql-block">2. long johns 長(zhǎng)內(nèi)衣褲</p><p class="ql-block">圖片</p><p class="ql-block">與long underwear同義還有l(wèi)ong johns，是比較老的說(shuō)法，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不怎么用了。</p><p class="ql-block">雖然穿秋褲和時(shí)尚永遠(yuǎn)是死敵，但最早的秋褲，盡然還有這樣一段傳奇的歷史：</p><p class="ql-block">秋褲的歷史</p><p class="ql-block">據(jù)說(shuō)19世紀(jì)，波士頓一個(gè)叫約翰·L·沙利文（John L. Sullivan）的大塊頭拳擊手自夸說(shuō)可以隨時(shí)打敗任何人。他每次上場(chǎng)都只穿一條秋褲（或者叫連衫褲），后來(lái)人們紛紛效仿，穿秋褲來(lái)彰顯自己的時(shí)尚品味。</p><p class="ql-block">圖片</p><p class="ql-block">3. thermal underwear [?θ?rml ??nd?rwer] 保暖內(nèi)衣</p><p class="ql-block">Put on some thermal underwear and you'll warm up quickly.</p><p class="ql-block">穿上秋衣，立刻就暖和了。</p><p class="ql-block">圖片</p><p class="ql-block">4. down coat 羽絨服</p><p class="ql-block">圖片</p><p class="ql-block">It was snowing, so everyone wore thick down coats.</p><p class="ql-block">下雪了，大家都穿上了厚厚的羽絨服。</p><p class="ql-block">5. down jacket 短款羽絨，鴨絨衣</p><p class="ql-block">圖片</p><p class="ql-block">There are air - conditioned indoor heating, and a down jacket off it.</p><p class="ql-block">室內(nèi)有暖氣 空調(diào) 的, 把羽絨服一脫就可以了。</p><p class="ql-block">6. sweater 毛衣</p><p class="ql-block">圖片</p><p class="ql-block">She wore a white sweater.</p><p class="ql-block">她穿著白色的毛衣。</p><p class="ql-block">7. Shawl 披肩</p><p class="ql-block">圖片</p><p class="ql-block">She had a shawl draped around her shoulders.</p><p class="ql-block">她肩上披著一條圍巾。</p><p class="ql-block">8. Turtleneck 高領(lǐng)毛衣</p><p class="ql-block">圖片</p><p class="ql-block">He is wearing a turtleneck sweater and a jacket.</p><p class="ql-block">他穿著一件高翻領(lǐng)套衫和一件外套.</p><p class="ql-block">9. fur coat 皮草大衣</p><p class="ql-block">圖片</p><p class="ql-block">She wore a beautiful fur coat today.</p><p class="ql-block">她今天穿了一件皮草大衣，特別好看。</p><p class="ql-block">10. woolen coat 呢子大衣</p><p class="ql-block">圖片</p><p class="ql-block">This woolen coat is very slim.</p><p class="ql-block">這件呢子大衣很修身。</p><p class="ql-block">11. leggings 打底褲</p><p class="ql-block">圖片</p><p class="ql-block">Wearing leggings with a skirt is fashionable and will keep yourwarm.</p><p class="ql-block">長(zhǎng)裙里穿條打底褲，保暖又時(shí)尚。</p><p class="ql-block">I wore grey leggings today.</p><p class="ql-block">我今天穿了灰色打底褲。</p><p class="ql-block">12. boots 靴子，長(zhǎng)統(tǒng)靴</p> Animals in winter <p class="ql-block">When it’s cold, we often wear coats, hats, gloves and boots to stay warm. Eating hot soup or drinking hot water also warms us up. </p><p class="ql-block">Heaters or fireplaces can provide warmth for us too. However, animals don't have these options. What can the animals do to survive in the extremely cold and tough winters?</p> <p class="ql-block">heater</p> <p class="ql-block">fireplace</p> <p class="ql-block"><b>Migrate 遷徙</b></p> <p class="ql-block">Some birds fly south for the winter. We call this migration. This means they travel to other places where the weather is warmer, or they can find food. </p><p class="ql-block">Due to the dangerous trip, some birds travel in large flocks. For example, geese fly in noisy, "V"-shaped groups. Other kinds of birds fly alone.</p> <p class="ql-block">Don’t think only the birds migrate. Other animals migrate, too.</p><p class="ql-block">There are a few mammals, like some bats, caribou (北美馴鹿), elk (麋鹿) and whales etc. They travel in search of food each winter.</p> <p class="ql-block">bat</p> <p class="ql-block">caribou</p> <p class="ql-block">elk</p> <p class="ql-block">whales</p> <p class="ql-block">Many fish migrate. They may swim south, or move into deeper, warmer water.</p> <p class="ql-block">Some insects also migrate. Certain butterflies and moths fly very long distances. For example, Monarch butterflies (帝王蝶或黑脈金斑蝶) spend the summer in Canada and the Northern U.S. They migrate as far south as Mexico for the winter. </p><p class="ql-block">Most migrating insects go much shorter distances. Many, like termites (白蟻) and Japanese beetles (日本甲蟲), move downward into the soil.</p> <p class="ql-block">moth</p> <p class="ql-block">Monarch butterflies</p> <p class="ql-block">Japanese beetles</p> <p class="ql-block">termites</p> <p class="ql-block">Earthworms also move down, some as far as six feet below the surface.</p> <p class="ql-block">earthworm</p> <p class="ql-block"><b>Hibernation冬眠</b></p> <ul class="ql-block"><li>What's hibernation？</li></ul><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">That is when animals sleep through the winter,so that they conserve energy until spring comes again.</p><p class="ql-block">They may stir a little to stretch,but they mostly stay very still for months in a deep sleep.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><ul class="ql-block"><li>How can they possibly stay alive like that？</li></ul><p class="ql-block">Because their metabolism slows down a lot.</p><p class="ql-block"><b>metabolism【m??t?b?liz?m】新陳代謝</b></p><p class="ql-block">Their heart rate even goes from 40 bpm to about 1 beat per 10 minutes.</p><p class="ql-block">它們的心率甚至?xí)拿糠昼?0下變?yōu)榇蠹s10分鐘一下</p> <p class="ql-block">Child: What other animals hibernate?</p><p class="ql-block">Mom: Bears, frogs, snakes, squirrels, groundhogs, and many other animals hibernate. Bears eat a lot of food right before hibernation.It's like they are storing up for the winter.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">They can gain up to 30 pounds in a week,and they use all that extra fat to survive the winter.</p><p class="ql-block">Bears like to burrow in dens that they dig out.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">??tips：都是“洞”，cave是一種地形概念，den強(qiáng)調(diào)是動(dòng)物的家。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">They move around a little more than turtles.</p><p class="ql-block">They might stretch or take a quick walk around their den. </p><p class="ql-block">Also, baby bears are born during the hibernation months and often don't come out until spring.</p><p class="ql-block">Child: Wow, I don't think I could stay inside that long!</p> <p class="ql-block">groundhog</p> <p class="ql-block">hild: How about frogs?</p><p class="ql-block">Mom: Both turtles and frogs are cold-blooded.</p><p class="ql-block">Cold-blooded animal是ectotherm的通俗說(shuō)法。</p><p class="ql-block">They can't control their body temperatures.</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Like turtles, frogs hibernate at the bottom of bodies of water,and when the temperatures go below freezing,</p><p class="ql-block">their body temperatures also go below freezing.</p><p class="ql-block">The glucose in their bodies keeps them from actually freezing.</p><p class="ql-block">體內(nèi)的葡萄糖會(huì)防止它們真的凍僵。</p><p class="ql-block">Glucose讀作 [?ɡlu:k?uz]。</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">They also don't breathe during the months they spend in hibernation!</p><p class="ql-block">Child: Wow, I definitely couldn't hold my breath for that long!</p><p class="ql-block">Well, turtles, bears and frogs, have a nice sleep!</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p> Plants ?in winter <p class="ql-block">Based on the leaves, there are the two main types of trees, deciduous (落葉性植物) and evergreen (常綠性植物). Excellent.</p> <p class="ql-block">Deciduous Trees</p><p class="ql-block">Maidenhair tree銀杏樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Maple楓樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Poplar 楊樹</p><p class="ql-block">Elm榆樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Willow柳樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Locust tree槐樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Birch白樺樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Beech Tree山毛櫸</p><p class="ql-block">Oak tree 橡樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Walnut tree核桃樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Chestnut tree 栗子樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Ash 白蠟樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Honey locust 皂莢樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Plane tree法國(guó)梧桐</p><p class="ql-block"><br></p><p class="ql-block">Evergreen Tree</p><p class="ql-block">Pine trees松樹 </p><p class="ql-block">China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) 杉樹</p><p class="ql-block">Sago cycas鐵樹 </p><p class="ql-block">Cypress柏樹</p><p class="ql-block">Palm trees棕櫚樹</p> <p class="ql-block">In winter each year, deciduous trees lose their leaves. Before the leaves shed, they turn orange, red or brown. </p><p class="ql-block">While evergreen trees carry their leaves throughout the year. Evergreens do shed their leaves, but only a few at a time and over a long period, so there is never a noticeable change. For most evergreen trees, the leaves don't change color. Generally, they’re always green.</p> 相關(guān)繪本