<p class="ql-block">你對美軍的陸軍編制體系了解嗎？你知道在英語中，軍師旅團營該怎么表達嗎？你知道那些在原版戰(zhàn)爭電影中耳熟能詳?shù)膕quad, company, corps, lieutenant, sergeant具體是指什么嗎？學(xué)習(xí)完這期內(nèi)容，相信你一定會對美國陸軍編制有進一步的認識，也能夠用地道的英文介紹軍隊的結(jié)構(gòu)編成！OK, let's get started ...</p> <p class="ql-block">The elements in the organizational chart for the U.S. Army span from the individual soldier all the way to the largest building block commonly used, the Corps. In between are the intermediate elements of Army organization, including the squad, platoon, company, battalion, brigade and division.As you move through the organization, the elements become larger and also encompass more combat support units.美國陸軍組織結(jié)構(gòu)圖包含的元素很廣，從單兵一直到規(guī)模最大的組成部分—兵團。單兵和兵團之間則是陸軍架構(gòu)的中間組成部分，包括班、排、連、營、旅和師。這些編制逐級增大，而且編制規(guī)模越大，所包含的戰(zhàn)斗支援部隊就越多。</p> <p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">U.S. Army Military Organization --- from Fire Team to Field Army / Group</span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="color:rgb(237, 35, 8);">美國陸軍組織結(jié)構(gòu) — 從火力組到野戰(zhàn)軍/軍團</span></p><p class="ql-block">Fire TeamA Fire Teams is comprised of 2 Riflemen, one being the Team Leader, a Grenadier, and an Automatic Rifleman used when small recon or special missions are required. Led by a sergeant. 火力組火力組由2名步槍兵組成，1名擲彈兵和1名自動步槍兵。2名步槍兵中一名擔(dān)任組長，只有當(dāng)需要進行小型偵察或特殊任務(wù)時才使用自動步槍兵?；鹆M由一名中士指揮。</p> <p class="ql-block">Squad/sectionA squad, which is the smallest element in the Army structure, is typically made up of four to 10 soldiers and normally is commanded by a sergeant or staff sergeant. Some units have two squads that made up a section, commanded by a staff sergeant.班/小隊作為美國陸軍架構(gòu)中最小的組成元素，一個班通常由4到10個士兵組成，由一名中士或上士指揮。某些部隊安排2個班組成一個小隊，并由一名上士指揮。</p> <p class="ql-block">PlatoonNormally, a platoon includes 16 to 44 soldiers and is led by a lieutenant with an NCO as second in command. A platoon usually consists of three to four squads or sections.排通常情況下，一個排包含16至44名士兵，由一名中尉指揮，并由一名士官擔(dān)任副指揮。一個排通常由3到4個班或小隊組成。</p> <p class="ql-block">CompanyA company contains three to five platoons and a total of 60 to 200 soldiers. It's commanded by a captain with a first sergeant as the commander's principal NCO assistant. If the element is an artillery unit, it's called a battery rather than a company. If it's armored or air cavalry, it's called a troop. A company is a tactical sized unit and can perform a battlefield function on its own.連一個連包含3到5個排，編制總數(shù)約60到200名士兵，由一名上尉指揮，并有一名士官長擔(dān)任連指揮官的首席士官助手。如果這個連是炮兵單位，則稱為炮兵連（battery）。如果是裝甲兵或者空騎兵，就稱之為騎兵連（troop）。連是基本戰(zhàn)術(shù)分隊，能夠獨立執(zhí)行作戰(zhàn)任務(wù)。</p> <p class="ql-block">BattalionThis encompasses four to six companies and between 300 and 1,000 soldiers. A battalion normally is commanded by a lieutenant colonel, and a command sergeant major serves as principal NCO assistant. A battalion can conduct independent operations, if they're of limited scope and duration, and operates its own administration. An armored or air cavalry unit of equivalent size is known as a squadron.營營包含4到6個連，編有300到1000名士兵不等，通常由一名中校指揮，并有一名指揮軍士長作為首席士官助手。如果達到一定的規(guī)模和自我維持時間，并且能夠獨立行管，這個營就能獨立執(zhí)行任務(wù)。相同規(guī)模的裝甲或空騎兵部隊被稱為中隊。</p> <p class="ql-block">BrigadeA brigade includes 1,500 to 3,200 soldiers, and a brigade headquarters commands the tactical operation of two to five combat battalions. Brigades normally are employed on independent or semi-independent operations, and normally are commanded by a colonel with a command sergeant major as senior NCO. In some cases, a brigadier general may assume command. Armored cavalry, ranger and special forces units in this size range are called regiments instead of brigades.旅旅編制人數(shù)為1500到3200不等。旅指揮部負責(zé)指揮2到5個戰(zhàn)斗營的戰(zhàn)術(shù)行動。旅通常從事獨立或半獨立行動，由一名上校擔(dān)任指揮官，并有一名指揮軍士長作為首席士官助手。在某些情況下，指揮官可能由一名準(zhǔn)將擔(dān)任。此規(guī)模的裝甲騎兵部隊、游騎兵部隊和特種部隊通常被稱為團，而不是旅。</p> <p class="ql-block">DivisionA division, with 10,000 to 16,000 soldiers, usually consists of three brigade-sized elements and is commanded by a major general, who is assisted by two brigadier generals. It can conduct major tactical operations and sustained battlefield operations and engagements. Divisions are numbered and are assigned missions based on their structures.師師編有10000到16000名士兵，通常由3個旅規(guī)模的部隊單元組成，指揮官由少將擔(dān)任，并有2名準(zhǔn)將參與協(xié)助。師能夠執(zhí)行主要的戰(zhàn)術(shù)任務(wù)、持續(xù)的戰(zhàn)場行動和交火任務(wù)。師都有自己的編號，并根據(jù)其結(jié)構(gòu)指派任務(wù)。</p> <p class="ql-block">CorpsA corps includes 20,000 to 45,000 soldiers and is made up of two to five divisions. It's normally commanded by a lieutenant general, who is assisted by a command sergeant major. The corps provides the framework for modern multi-national operations.軍/兵團軍編制大約20000到45000名士兵，由2到5個師組成，指揮官通常為中將，并由一名指揮軍士長參與協(xié)助。兵團為現(xiàn)代化多國行動提供了框架。</p> <p class="ql-block">Field armyA field army combines two or more corps, with 50,000 or more soldiers, and is typically commanded by a lieutenant general or higher-ranking officer. 野戰(zhàn)軍/集團軍野戰(zhàn)軍通常包含2個或更多的軍,編有50000人或更多，指揮官通常由中將或更高級別的指揮官擔(dān)任。</p> <p class="ql-block">Army GroupsThe U.S. Army hasn't used Army Groups since World War II.軍團美國陸軍二戰(zhàn)后不再設(shè)立軍團編制。</p> <p class="ql-block">The Army hasn't set a specific size to any specific element in its organizational chart. Instead, the number of soldiers in any given element of command depends on the type of unit involved and its mission.美國陸軍在其組成框架中并沒有給任何編制限定人數(shù)規(guī)模。所有建制單位的編制數(shù)量往往取決于其包含的部隊類別和具體任務(wù)。</p> <p class="ql-block">1.corps: 軍團 英[k?:r] 美[k?:]*via French, from the Latin corpus "body", so you can’t pronounce ”ps”. It’s common sense that we can’t pronounce “s” which at the end of a sentence, such as “Louis”, “Charles”, “Paris”…</p><p class="ql-block">2.squad: 班;隊 英[skw?d] 美[skwɑ:d]</p><p class="ql-block">3.platoon: 排 英[pl??tu:n] 美[pl??tun]</p><p class="ql-block">4.company: 連 英[?k?mp?ni] 美[?k?mp?ni]</p><p class="ql-block">5.battalion: 營 英[b??t?li?n] 美[b??t?lj?n]</p><p class="ql-block">6.brigade: 旅 英[br??ge?d] 美[br??ɡe?d]</p><p class="ql-block">7.division: 師 英[d??v??n] 美[d??v???n]</p><p class="ql-block">8.affiliation: 聯(lián)系 英[??f?li?e??n] 美[??f?li?e??n]9.headquarters: 司令部；指揮部 英[?hed?kw?:t?z] 美[?hedkw?:rt?rz]</p><p class="ql-block">10.grenadier: 擲彈兵，精銳士兵 英[?gren??d??(r)] 美[?gren??d?r]</p><p class="ql-block">11.sergeant: 中士 英[?sɑ:d??nt] 美[?sɑ:rd??nt]</p><p class="ql-block">12.lieutenant: 陸軍中尉；海軍上尉 英[lef?ten?nt] 美[lu:?ten?nt]*Pronunciation [lef] </p><p class="ql-block">13.may come from Old Frenchartillery: 炮 英[ɑ:?t?l?ri] 美[ɑ:r?t?l?ri]</p><p class="ql-block">14.battery: 炮臺；炮位 英[?b?tri] 美[?b?t?ri]</p><p class="ql-block">15.armored: 裝甲 英['ɑ:m?d] 美['ɑ:m?d]</p><p class="ql-block">16.cavalry: 騎兵 英[?k?vlri] 美[?k?v?lri]</p><p class="ql-block">17.tactical: 戰(zhàn)術(shù)的；策略的 英[?t?kt?kl] 美[?t?kt?k?l]</p><p class="ql-block">18.colonel: 上校 英[?k?:nl] 美[?k?:rnl]</p><p class="ql-block">19.squadron: 中隊 英[?skw?dr?n] 美[?skwɑ:dr?n]</p><p class="ql-block">20.regiment: 團 英[?red??m?nt] 美[?r?d??m?nt]</p> <p class="ql-block">1.Infantry: 步兵 英[??nf?ntri] 美[??nf?ntri]</p><p class="ql-block">2.centerpiece: 核心；餐桌中央裝飾品 英['sent?pi:s] 美['sent??pi:s]excel: 優(yōu)于；擅長 英[?k?sel] 美[?k?s?l]</p><p class="ql-block">3.maneuver: 機動；演習(xí)；策略 英[m?'nu:v?] 美[m??nuv?, -?nju-]evolve: 發(fā)展；使進化 英[i?v?lv] 美[i?vɑ:lv]</p><p class="ql-block">4.multi-faceted: 多方面的、多元化的 英[m?l't?f'?s?t?d] 美[m?l't?f'?s?t?d]</p><p class="ql-block">5.light infantry: 輕步兵</p><p class="ql-block">6.airassault and airborne forces: 空中突擊和空降部隊</p><p class="ql-block">7.mechanized infantry: 機械化步兵</p><p class="ql-block">8.special operations forces: 特種部隊</p><p class="ql-block">9.alternate: 交替的；輪流的 英[?:l?t?:n?t] 美[??:lt?rn?t]:</p><p class="ql-block">10.operating force: 作戰(zhàn)力</p><p class="ql-block">11.generating force: 保障力</p><p class="ql-block">12.expertise: 專門知識或技能 英[?eksp?:?ti:z] 美[?eksp?:r?ti:z]</p><p class="ql-block">13.collaborate: 合作；協(xié)作 英[k??l?b?re?t] 美[k??l?b??ret]</p><p class="ql-block">14.austere: 嚴(yán)峻的；嚴(yán)厲的 英[??st??(r)] 美[?:?st?r]grit: 勇氣 英[gr?t] 美[ɡr?t]</p><p class="ql-block">15.resilience: 彈力；快速恢復(fù)的能力 英[r??z?li?ns] 美[r??z?lj?ns]</p><p class="ql-block">16.grind: 磨練 英[gra?nd] 美[gra?nd]</p><p class="ql-block">17.unorthodox: 不正統(tǒng)的 英[?n??:θ?d?ks] 美[?n??:rθ?dɑ:ks]</p><p class="ql-block">18.deviate: 脫離；越軌 英[?di:vie?t] 美[?divi?et]</p><p class="ql-block">19.tactically sound: 戰(zhàn)術(shù)上可行的</p><p class="ql-block">20.prioritize: 優(yōu)先處理；按重要性排列；劃分優(yōu)先順序 英[pra???r?ta?z] 美[pra???:r?ta?z]</p><p class="ql-block">21.dexterity: 靈巧，機敏 英[dek?ster?ti] 美[d?k?st?r?ti]</p>